The Indian Army’s modernization drive is in full swing, with two prominent rifles dominating the conversation — the AK‑203 and the SIG‑716i. Both are cutting-edge assault rifles, but each has a distinct role, origin, and strategic impact.
So which of these is the true backbone of India’s infantry today?
What Are the AK‑203 and SIG‑716i?
AK‑203: A modernized version of the iconic AK platform, co-developed by Indo-Russian Rifles Private Ltd (IRRPL), chambered in 7.62×39mm, known for its ruggedness and reliability in diverse conditions. Nicknamed “Sher” in India.
SIG‑716i: An American rifle by SIG Sauer, chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO, chosen as a fast-track solution for high-intensity engagements, offering greater range and penetration.
Technical Comparison: AK‑203 vs SIG‑716i
| Feature | AK‑203 | SIG‑716i |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | Indo‑Russian | U.S.-based (SIG Sauer) |
| Caliber | 7.62×39mm | 7.62×51mm NATO |
| Effective Range | ~300–400 meters | ~600–800 meters |
| Rate of Fire | ~700 rounds/min | ~600 rounds/min |
| Weight | ~3.8 kg | ~4.2 kg (heavier) |
| Operating System | Gas-operated, rotating bolt | Short-stroke gas piston |
| Accuracy | Medium (for close–medium range ops) | High (marksman-grade at long range) |
| Optics Mounting | Modern Picatinny Rails (IRRPL added) | Factory standard + optical compatibility |
| Production | Korwa, Amethi – “Make in India” | Direct import from U.S. |
| Cost per Unit | ₹70,000–₹80,000 (after indigenization) | ₹1.2–1.5 lakh per unit |
Who Uses These Rifles in the Indian Army?
The SIG‑716i is currently used by specialized frontline troops, such as the Rashtriya Rifles, Assam Rifles, and units stationed along the LoC and LAC. It's ideal for long-range combat and precision operations.
The AK‑203 is being deployed army-wide as the new standard-issue rifle, replacing the INSAS. It's better suited for general infantry operations, particularly in urban, close-quarter, and rugged terrain.
When Did India Begin Using These Rifles?
SIG‑716i rifles were fast-tracked in 2019 under an emergency procurement deal for 72,400 units, as tensions rose in Kashmir and along the Chinese border.
AK‑203 production began in 2023, with indigenous delivery scaling up in 2024–2025. As of July 2025, over 48,000 units have already been delivered from IRRPL’s Korwa plant in Amethi.
Where Are These Rifles Deployed?
SIG‑716i:
Used in high-altitude, counter-terror, and precision roles, especially in Kashmir Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, and special ops across Northeast India.AK‑203:
Being distributed across regular infantry battalions, border security units, and central armed police forces (CAPF) as part of a full army-wide transition from the INSAS.
Why Is the Indian Army Using Both?
The SIG‑716i and AK‑203 are complementary, not competing platforms.
- SIG‑716i was a stopgap solution to quickly fill the accuracy and lethality gap when India was phasing out INSAS.
- AK‑203 is the long-term workhorse of the infantry, with cost-effective domestic production and adaptability for mass deployment.
India’s strategy is to layer its infantry firepower: high-precision rifles like SIG‑716i for elite units, and reliable, rugged rifles like AK‑203 for general-purpose roles.
How Will This Evolve by 2030?
- AK‑203 production will scale up to 1.5 lakh units per year after full indigenization in late 2025.
- The total AK‑203 order is 601,427 rifles, to be delivered by Dec 2030.
- SIG‑716i may see limited future procurement or upgrades for specialized use, but it will not replace the AK‑203’s infantry-wide role.
India is also exploring AI-integrated drone platforms with AK‑203 for next-gen combat—marking its evolution beyond just a handheld weapon.
Final Verdict: Which Rifle Powers the Infantry?
Both—but with different missions.
- For every soldier: The AK‑203 is the reliable, cost-effective, easy-to-maintain rifle to equip the bulk of India’s forces.
- For specialized ops: The SIG‑716i remains the sniper-friendly, long-range asset.
India’s dual-rifle doctrine shows strategic maturity, optimizing firepower while ensuring self-reliance under the Make in India vision.
